Examination of the genital system of animals
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Abstract
Complete and accurate examination of the genital system is of fundamental importance for the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders. In addition, the gynecological examination aims to detect the phase of the estrous cycle, pregnancy and causes of female infertility. The andrological examination is performed to attest to the male's reproductive potential, as well as to diagnose the causes of coeundi and generandi impotence. Gynecological examination begins with anamnesis, followed by general clinical examination, external specific examination (vulva and vestibule evaluation) and internal examination (rectal palpation of cervix, uterus and ovaries in large animals and vaginoscopy). Complementary exams are very helpful for diagnosis, and consist of uterine and ovarian ultrasonography, vaginal cytology in small animals, histological, microbiological examination, serological tests and hormonal dosages. Anamnesis and general clinical examination are also the first stages of the andrological examination, followed by specific examination of the external reproductive system (scrotum, testis, epididymis, sperm funicular and scrotal circumference measurement) and internal (rectal gland palpation) attached), libido test, spermogram and finally complementary exams such as ultrasonography of the attached glands and testes, serology, PCR, hormonal tests, semen microbiological examination and functional sperm tests.
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