Aspectos Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos do Alcaloide N, N – Dimetiltriptamina (DMT)

Conteúdo do artigo principal

Thamires Raquel Barros Silva
Thamyris Cavalcante Lima

Resumo

A N, N - dimetiltriptamina (DMT) é um alcaloide alucinógeno presente nas folhas de Psychotria viridis, uma planta muito utilizada em chás que são ingeridos durante determinados rituais religiosos, sendo o chá de Ayahuasca um dos mais conhecidos. Devido sua semelhança com o neurotransmissor serotonina (5-HT), a DMT age de forma agonista nos receptores serotoninérgicos 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A e 5-HT2C, causando diversos efeitos como náuseas, tremores e mudança de humor, alguns relatos apontam alterações no sistema imunológico devido à diminuição dos níveis de linfócitos CD3 e CD4. No entanto, pesquisas recentes apontam, também, os efeitos terapêuticos da DMT, comprovando através de testes in vivo seu potencial antitumoral, antidepressivo e ansiolítico, além de auxiliar no tratamento contra o alcoolismo e tabaco. Considerando o uso crescente de chás que contêm a DMT, esse trabalho tem como objetivo descrever seus principais efeitos farmacológicos e toxicológicos em virtude da limitação de referências e a necessidade de compilação de dados dispersos na literatura. O presente estudo conclui que a DMT possui potencial farmacológico, porém também importantes efeitos adversos, incluindo toxicidade, o que corrobora com a necessidade da realização de mais testes agudos e crônicos, além de pesquisas epidemiológicas focadas na sua ação nas populações que a usam.

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1.
Machado LC, da Cruz RH, Higa SS, Silva TRB, Lima TC, Seriani R. Aspectos Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos do Alcaloide N, N – Dimetiltriptamina (DMT). Braz. J. Nat. Sci [Internet]. 11º de março de 2020 [citado 29º de março de 2024];3(1):259. Disponível em: https://bjns.com.br/index.php/BJNS/article/view/84
Seção
Artigo de revisão em fluxo contínuo

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