Melaninas fúngicas aplicadas à biorremediação de efluentes industriais
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Abstract
Fungal melanins are pigments present in several species of fungi, whose properties have been studied to be applied in different everyday uses. This literature review presents initially the four types of fungal melanins already studied so far (neuromelanin, feomelanin, piomelanin, eumelanin and alomelanin) and their respective melanotic synthesis pathways - it is valid to inform that fungal melanins can also be synthesized in the laboratory, which broads the means of acquisition of this pigment.
This article also discusses the various applications of fungal melanins, to be exemplified: radioactive activity, heavy metal chelating activity, thermoregulatory and antioxidant character, among other significant characteristics. Some of the most polluting industrial sectors for the global ecosystem and the way fungal melanins are able to treat these effluents are also mentioned, consequently benefiting the environment. The application of these fungal pigments in the treatment of industrial effluents is an emerging subject and five types of large industrial sectors are addressed that can benefit from the use of fungal melanins: petrochemical industry, pesticide industry, textile industry, metallurgical and mining industry.
For the elaboration of this literary review, the following search sites were used as: Google Scholar and PubMed.
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